Chemical Coordination and Integration for NEET UG
Hormones are chemical messengers carried in the blood. A handful of glands control growth, metabolism, blood sugar, stress responses and reproduction, mostly through feedback loops.
BiologyClass 1179 MCQs2 lessons14 flashcards3 memory tricks
Practise Chemical Coordination and Integration free
What you'll learn
- Endocrine glands and their hormones
Match glands to their hormones and the disorders caused by too much or too little. - How hormones act and feedback control
Explain how hormones reach their targets and how feedback keeps levels steady.
Memory tricks
FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactin, Endorphins, Growth hormone.
Adrenaline from the adrenal medulla raises heart rate, blood glucose and alertness, and dilates the pupils.
Insulin (β cells) lowers blood glucose. Glucagon (α cells) raises it by breaking down glycogen in the liver.
Try 3 NEET-style questions
Q1. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid,
- stimulates the immune response strongly
- is anti-inflammatory and suppresses the immune response
- lowers blood glucose
- promotes excretion of Na⁺ and water
Show answer
Answer: (2) is anti-inflammatory and suppresses the immune response
Cortisol is involved in maintaining cardiovascular and kidney functions, produces anti-inflammatory reactions and suppresses the immune response; glucocorticoids also raise blood glucose.
Q2. Gastrin, a gastrointestinal hormone, acts on the
- gastric glands, raising HCl and pepsinogen
- pancreas, to release more insulin
- gall bladder, making it contract
- liver, making it secrete more bile
Show answer
Answer: (1) gastric glands, raising HCl and pepsinogen
Gastrin acts on the gastric glands and stimulates the secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen.
Q3. Deficiency of which hormone in children causes cretinism?
- Growth hormone
- Insulin
- Thyroxine
- Adrenaline
Show answer
Answer: (3) Thyroxine
Hypothyroidism in childhood causes stunted growth and mental retardation (cretinism).
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